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The household income was estimated using standardization methods for classifications of sex and 5-year age groups, and compared to the standard income level for South Korea.
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To account for the confounding effect of age, age standardized prevalence of hypertension was estimated using direct standardization methods.
In order to compare data between the two centres and, for the rural centre, between small, medium and larger towns, we standardized incidence rates according to age and gender using direct standardization methods [ 11].
Secondly, density of the fraction was measured under normal temperature, phenol compounds content in the fraction was determined by using the standardization method of "Determination of the phenol content of washing oil" GB/T24207 2009.
Age-adjusted prevalence was computed using direct standardization method and presented with 95% CI.
†Age and sex adjustment based on the 2009 Vietnam Population and Housing Census using direct standardization method.
The age and sex adjusted prevalences were estimated using direct standardization method based on the 2009 Vietnam Population and Housing Census [ 13].
County-specific incidence rates were age-adjusted using direct-standardization methods, adjusting to the 2000 US standard population [ 14].
The following moving range formula (4) is used in standardization method: {x_{ij}}^{prime }=frac{x_{ij}-{x}_{min }}{x_{max }-{x}_{min }} (4).
The quantitative detection of presumptive B. cereus was carried out using standard reference culture methods recommended by the International Organisation of Standardization (ISO) and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration FDAA).
Incidence rates were standardized using the direct standardization method [ 20] for event rates and using the whole population of Iran [ 21] as a standard population.
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