using in vitro methods

USAGE SUMMARY

The phrase "using in vitro methods" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used in scientific or medical contexts to describe techniques that are performed outside of a living organism, typically in a controlled environment like a laboratory. Example: "The researchers conducted their experiments using in vitro methods to analyze the effects of the drug on cell cultures."

✓ Grammatically correct

Science

Human-verified examples from authoritative sources

Exact Expressions

19 human-written examples

In an approach using in vitro methods based on particle interactions, polyethylene glycol grades (PEG) showed the lowest interaction forces suggesting a more favorable in vivo performance than hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), which was found to have the highest particle interaction.

Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces

While there are many epidemiological studies of the potential impact on populations, there are few studies using in vitro methods to investigate the biological effects of bushfire emissions to better understand its toxicity and significance.

Science of The Total Environment

A series of azinesulfonamides of long-chain arylpiperazine derivatives with semi-rigid alkylene spacer was designed, synthesized, and biologically evaluated using in vitro methods for their affinity for dopaminergic D2 and serotoninergic 5-HT1A, 5-HT6A, 5-HT7 and 5-HT7 receptors.

Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry

As reported in several recent reviews, the rate of irrelevant positives (i.e. low specificity) for some studies using in vitro methods (when compared to this "gold standard") means that an increased number of test articles are subjected to additional in vivo genotoxicity testing, in many cases before, e.g. the efficacy (in the case of pharmaceuticals) of the compound has been evaluated.

Mutation Research-Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis

This is because the majority of drug interaction studies are done using in vitro methods, or in healthy young volunteers who may not reflect the complexity of patients, and the settings in which the drug will be used in clinical practice.

European Journal of Internal Medicine

The antioxidant potential was investigated using in vitro methods based on ferric/phosphomolybdenum reducing antioxidant power and DPPH/ABTS radical scavenging assay.

Chemistry Central Journal

Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources

Similar Expressions

41 human-written examples

Using in-vitro methods, including gelatin zymography, ELISA, and immunfluorescence staining of RA synovial fibroblasts, we show that MIF induces MMP-2 production by RA synovial fibroblasts.

Arthritis Research and Therapy

Most studies of progenitor cells involved in tendon healing have used in-vitro methods [ 12– 14] or have mainly been performed on regions in or around the injury [ 11].

BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders

The aim of the present study was to use in vitro methods to screen formulations which were intended for nasal application, and to perform animal experiments for recognizing the differences in plasmakinetics of intranasal- and oral-administered meloxicam nanoparticles.

European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Current systems to produce non-antibody protein-binding reagents use in vitro methods, such as phage and mRNA display, or SELEX to generate high-affinity ligands to one target protein at a time (Figure 1A) [8], [9], [10] [11], [12], [12].

Plosone

While it is not clear which in vitro assay, if any, is useful for identifying strains attenuated for biofilm formation in vivo, which in and of itself is not a defined entity, our results suggest that the most commonly used in vitro methods do not reliably identify genes needed for in vivo virulence.

Plosone

Expert writing Tips

Best practice

When describing research, specify the type of "in vitro methods" used to provide clarity and context. For example, mention if you are using cell cultures, enzyme assays, or other specific techniques.

Common error

Avoid making broad claims about in vivo effects based solely on "in vitro" findings. While "in vitro methods" can provide valuable insights, they do not always accurately reflect the complexity of biological systems within a living organism.

Linguistic Context

The phrase "using in vitro methods" functions as a modifier, often appearing in scientific writing to specify the type of experimental techniques employed. According to Ludwig, this phrase is used in contexts where experiments are conducted outside a living organism, such as in cell cultures or test tubes.

Expression frequency: Common

Frequent in

Science

100%

Less common in

News & Media

0%

Formal & Business

0%

Wiki

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Ludwig's WRAP-UP

In summary, "using in vitro methods" is a phrase commonly employed in scientific literature to denote experiments conducted outside of a living organism. As Ludwig highlights, its usage is grammatically correct and prevalent in scientific contexts. The phrase functions primarily to inform the reader of the specific experimental approach. Given its formal and scientific register, it's best suited for academic papers and research reports. It's important to avoid overgeneralizing "in vitro" results to in vivo conditions. Remember to specify the exact "in vitro" method employed for clarity. As indicated by Ludwig, the phrase is suitable for most scientific communications where the experimental setting needs to be clarified.

More alternative expressions

Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:

Utilizing cell culture techniques

This phrase highlights the application of cell culture, emphasizing the cultivation of cells outside their natural environment.

Working with cultured cells

This emphasizes the use of cultured cells in the experiments or research, a primary component of in vitro methods.

Adopting cell-based models

This suggests the use of cells as simplified models to study biological phenomena outside of a living organism.

Employing cell-based assays

This alternative focuses specifically on the use of cell-based assays, which are a common type of in vitro method.

Implementing biochemical assays

Focuses on the biochemical aspect of the assays, highlighting the study of chemical processes in vitro.

Performing cell-free assays

Specifically describes assays conducted without whole cells, focusing on molecular components.

Conducting laboratory experiments

This is a more general term that encompasses all types of experiments performed in a laboratory, not exclusively in vitro.

Applying test-tube experiments

This alternative emphasizes the controlled environment of a test tube, often used for biochemical reactions.

Operating with lab-based procedures

A broad term encompassing various lab procedures, not exclusively in vitro but emphasizing a controlled lab setting.

Carrying out non-animal studies

This broader term focuses on methods that do not involve whole animals, including in vitro methods, but also computational and other approaches.

FAQs

What does "using in vitro methods" mean?

"Using in vitro methods" refers to conducting experiments or studies in a controlled environment outside of a living organism. This often involves working with cells, tissues, or biological molecules in a laboratory setting.

How do "using in vitro methods" differ from in vivo methods?

While "using in vitro methods" involves experiments outside of a living organism, in vivo methods are conducted within a living organism. In vitro methods offer more control and simplicity, whereas in vivo methods provide a more complex and realistic biological context.

What are some examples of "using in vitro methods"?

Examples of "using in vitro methods" include cell culture assays, biochemical assays, and the use of tissue samples in a laboratory setting. These methods are commonly used to study the effects of drugs, chemicals, or other factors on biological systems.

What are some alternatives to "using in vitro methods"?

Depending on the context, you could use alternatives like "employing cell-based assays", "utilizing cell culture techniques", or "conducting laboratory experiments".