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Conductivity is using as indirect prediction for the total concentration of ions in water.
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Liver function blood tests and imaging techniques (US, CT, MRI) are commonly used as indirect markers of liver steatosis.
Only 18 MIs failed, including 15 that were used as indirect anchorage and 3 that were used as direct anchorage.
Clearly, improved myocardial perfusion or function can be used as indirect evidence for angiogenesis in the infarcted myocardium.
In vivo pharmacological effects have been used as indirect proxies for AM-1241 biotransformation processes that could modulate CB2 activity.
It is known that chlorophyll a/chlorophyll b ratio can be used as indirect indicator of the quantity of the light-harvesting complex II of photosystem II [32].
Hydrogen permeation was also used as indirect means of evaluating the intensity of the proton reduction reaction leading to hydrogen entry into the metal.
After achieving the desired distal movement of the second molars, they were tied with steel ligatures to the miniscrew head and used as indirect anchorage to distalize the rest of the arch.
These secondary traits could also be used as indirect selection indices to select genotypes with better root traits (Lopes and Reynolds 2010) which translates into higher grain yield in TE (Suji et al. 2012 a, b).
This is usually assessed semi-quantitatively on frontal radiographs by different methods, in which the spinous process location (Cobb) [36] or the pedicle location [37, 38, 39] are used as indirect indicators of the severity of axial vertebral rotation.
Because this occurred in our case, once the second molars were properly distalized, they were tied to the miniscrew with a steel ligature and used as indirect anchorage to distalize the rest of the arch.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com