Several sections were microscopically analyzed under high power fields (HPF) for each experimental group, using an optical image analyzer (ImagePro Plus 4.5, Media Cybernetics, Silver Spring, MD).
Displacement sensing is realized by measuring the bandwidth of the signal from the FBG using an optical spectrum analyzer (OSA).
The signal has been monitored using an optical spectrum analyzer (OSA) and we have shown which a micro ring resonator work like an add/drop filter has been constructed.
We observed the spectra of selected output channels from OD+ using an optical spectrum analyzer (AQ6370, Yokogawa, Yokosuka, Japan).
Figure 3(a) shows an optical spectrum of the probe output measured using an optical spectrum analyzer (MS9710B, Anritsu), for which a full width at half maximum (FHWM) of the spectrum curve was estimated to be about 67.57 nm.
In order to evaluate the stability of the system, we monitored the output spectrum of the source every 10 minutes for a period of 2 hours using an optical spectrum analyzer.
The diffuser allows the excitation of lower and higher order modes of the DCTF and the wavelength-swept source allows the characterization of the transmission of the full DCF device with a photodetector large enough to collect all the light at the output of the DCF instead of using an optical spectrum analyzer that spatially filters the input light.
The size distribution and concentration of the nanoparticles in the solution were assessed using an optical particle-size analyzer SALD-71000, Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan).
Three different probe liquids, namely: water, formamide and ethylene glycol were used to determine contact angle with binder samples using an optical contact angle analyzer (OCA) device.
The effects of thermal cycling on the properties of the samples were characterized by using an optical microscope, image analyzer, SEM, X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and microhardness tester.
