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Using an observational study design did not allow us to control enteral intake or compare different protein intakes in a randomized fashion.
Selection bias is of critical concern in the study of influenza vaccine effectiveness when using an observational study design.
Authors of submitted manuscripts using an observational study design may consider incorporating our scoring system or an equivalent in their methods and in reporting of the results.
This makes it more difficult to establish a causal relationship using an observational study design, because the relationship may be explained by factors out of the investigator's control.
Marin-Caballas and coworkers investigated the relationship between CPP and PtiO2 using an observational study design.
These economists advocate for the collection of cost data using an observational study design.
Similar(51)
We used an observational study design where the unit of observation was a single student-patient interaction, as documented by the PECs, and the unit of analysis was the combined data of all these interactions/PECs within the different subspecialties.
We therefore used an observational study design.
We used an observational study design involving mixed methodology.
Five other studies used an observational study design that did not involve experimental control of exposure to different environments [ 29, 32, 46, 48, 49].
When comparing the health outcomes of preoperative EQ-5D and WOMAC groups, it has to be borne in mind that we use an observational study design where a regression to the mean effect is possible [ 29].
More suggestions(15)
using an exemplar study
using an observational pain
using an experimental study
using an observational check
using an immunohistochemical study
using an observational research
using an independent study
using an intrasubject study
using an observational task
using an observational time motion
using an fMRI study
using an extensive study
using an observational property
using an alternative study
using an explicit study
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