The surface roughness was measured by using a noncontact profilometer, Talysurf CCI 3000A on the screw.
Objective: To describe the first ICSI pregnancy achieved with sperm that were immobilized by using a noncontact diode laser.
All tensile actuation measurements were conducted using a noncontact linear displacement sensor.
Topography images were observed using a noncontact atomic force microscope (NC-AFM, JSPM-5200, JEOL, Akishima, Tokyo, Japan).
The interface-state density (D it) and fixed-charge density (Q ss) were measured using a noncontact corona-voltage (C-V) technique (SEMILAB Co. Ltd., PV-2000).
The axial length was evaluated using a noncontact optic biometric device (IOL Master; Carl Zeiss Meditec AG, Jena, Germany).
After routine ophthalmic examination, all volunteers underwent specular microscopy using a noncontact specular microscopy (SP2000: Topcon corporation, Japan).
Corneal topography and corneal thickness measurements (pachymetry) were performed using a noncontact rotating Scheimpflug camera (Pentacam, Oculus Inc., Germany).
The intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured using a noncontact pneumotonometer (CT-60 computerised tonometer, Topcon, Tokyo, Japan) and the mean of 3 measurements was recorded.
After obtaining informed consent, 211 Caucasian patients (358 eyes) were examined using a noncontact specular microscope at the Center of Eye Diseases in Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Clinic.
The stainless steel was previously characterized for roughness by using a profilometer (Tencor AS500 profilometer, KAL-Tencor, San Jose, CA) and for contact angle (hydrophobicity) with a goniometer (Ramé-Hart, model number 100-00, Ramé-Hart, Inc, Mountain Lakes, NJ) (21 ).
