Sentence examples for using a training symbol from inspiring English sources

A joint maximum likelihood estimate (MLE) of CFO and channel impulse response (CIR) using a training symbol is given in [8].

The second channel the destination must estimate is the source-destination channel using a training symbol embedded in the source's transmission in the second time slot.

The destination node uses a training symbol originally embedded by the source, then retransmitted by the relay, to estimate the compound channel.

While at time slot t + 1, the distributed jamming beamforming weight is stacked in vector f d  = [f d1, f d2, ⋯, f d(M − 1)] T. Regarding the available CSI in a wireless communication system, the receiver usually estimates the channel using a training sequence (pilot symbols).

The fading estimation is independently performed on each block of symbols (using a training sequence transmitted at the beginning of each block).

Every eight symbols, a training symbol is inserted which is used for channel and noise estimation at the receiver.

For each transmit antenna, we use a training sequence comprised of M long-training OFDM symbols.

For the HNN MLSE equalizer the LS channel estimator is used to estimate the CIR using training symbols, and for the MMSE equalizer the channel is estimated as part of the filter coefficient optimization an integral part of MMSE equalization where the filter smoothing length is.

Therefore, it is the duty of the destination to obtain an estimate of the overall relaying S→R→D link using the training symbols sent from the source.

In [9], a maximum likelihood (ML) symbol timing estimator is derived by using two training symbols per burst transmission.

CFO and channel estimation is carried out using the training symbols, and the estimates are employed to decode all the data symbols in that frame.