Sentence examples for using a surrogate marker from inspiring English sources

Transduced T lymphocytes were purified using a surrogate marker of transduction (truncated nonsignaling EGFR encoded by the lentivirus construct).

All tumour samples obtained from HNSCC patients before treatment were evaluated for HPV status using a surrogate marker p16 (Langendijk and Psyrri, 2010; Thomas and Primeaux, 2012).

The primary advantages of using a surrogate marker instead of hard outcome measures such as myocardial infarction, stroke and death are smaller study populations, shorter study duration and thereby reduced financial costs.

Furthermore, if one is interested in assessing a first-line therapy then the effect on survival may be obscured if patients are given second- and third-line therapies; the advantage of using a surrogate marker is that it could be measured before these subsequent therapies are administered.

In addition, we used a surrogate marker of IR, and not the gold standard euglycemic insulin clamp.

The proposed model uses a surrogate marker for assessing risk of morbidity, incorporated into an Early Warning System (EWS), to produce a technology-lead, prospective surveillance programme.

The severity of hypertension was estimated based on the number of antihypertensive medications used, a surrogate marker for the severity of hypertension[ 8].

Another series of experiments used a surrogate marker of the adjuvant effect: a sudden drop in the thyroid hormone thyroxine that occurs after immunization using complete Freund adjuvant (Rocchi et al. 2007).

We used a surrogate marker, lip closure, to determine if expression was neutral in an objective manner; lip closure was associated with differences in FSD and may account for part of the increase in FSD in those with intellectual disability.

Good prevalence data are not always available for carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) and since carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae isolates are frequently found to be carbapenemase-producing, carbapenem resistance is frequently used a surrogate marker for the presence of carbapenemases.

Therefore, ADC measurements using DW-MRI has been used as a surrogate marker for cellularity, to evaluate successful treatment and cell kill [ 50].