The most objective discrimination between false and true changes in a dataset was achieved by using a "spike-in" experimental procedure based on Affimetrix GeneChip technology [10], [11], [12].
We conducted another comparison using a spike-in experiment, in which the position and concentration of every spike-in target was known.
A titration experiment using a "spike-in" pEGFR protein control would address the ambiguity, but preparation of such a reagent is challenging.
We confirmed the model using a spike-in experiment and showed that the concentration range over which the estimation was valid over 5 orders of magnitude, which was much wider than preceding methods.
The expression levels of these candidate miRNAs were quantified using multiplexed RT-qPCR, and a synthetic miRNA was used as a spike-in control to correct the variations in sample preparation and RT-qPCR.
These limitations can be overcome by using a super-SILAC strategy, where a mix of heavy-labeled cell lines is used as a spike-in to analyze any types of samples with high accuracy and high multiplexing capabilities.
With 1 ng of unmethylated lambda DNA obtained from Promega used as a spike-in control for conversion efficiency, 100 ng of genomic DNA from M. guttatus was treated with bisulfite using EZ DNA Methylation kit from Zymo Research.
For the MinION reads, 6640 (88.2 %) mapped to the B. fragilis BE1 assembly while the remaining 830 (11.8 %) mapped to the phage lambda genome, used as a spike-in during library preparation.
Using phase imaging, where the phase lag between the tip oscillation in tapping mode and the driving signal is monitored, (11) and surface energy measurements using AFM, a spike in the phase signal of open channels was observed, most likely due to the exposed hydrophobic domains of the hemichannel in open state.
This type of aerator uses a spike system to poke holes in the soil or a coring system that pulls plugs of soil out of the ground to allow for water and nutrient absorption.
These types of towers are used when a spike in cellphone activity is anticipated: a big sporting event or, here, a presidential campaign.
