The photovoltaic performance of DSCs was characterized using a source meter (2400, Keithley Instruments, Inc., Beijing, China) under AM 1.5G irradiation (100 mW/cm2) generated by a solar simulator (XES-301S + EL-100, San-ei Electric COsaka, Japanaka, Japan).
The IPCE data were taken using a source meter (2400, Keithley Instruments, Inc., Cleveland, OH, USA) with lluminating monochromatic light on the solar cells (with the wavelength from 300 to 800 nm).
Device performance was measured using a source measure unit (2400, Keithley Instruments, Inc., Cleveland, OH, USA) and a luminance meter (CS100, Konica Minolta Sensing, Inc., Sakai, Osaka, Japan).
The DC measurements and AC complex impedance spectroscopy of the GO-film-functionalized IDE were performed by using a source measurement unit (Keithley 2400, Keithley Instruments Inc., USA) and an LCR meter (Wayne Kerr, 4100, Wayne Kerr Electronics, UK), respectively.
5 millions highly monodispersed droplets were generated using the Raindrop source instrument following manufacturer's instructions.
I V measurements were carried out with a BENTHAM PV 300 from ES instrument using a xenon source (150 W) and a halogen quartz source (100 W) to cover the whole sunlight spectrum for photovoltaic characterization in standard conditions (298 K, 1000 W/m2, AM1.5).
XPS were measured using a Thermo Scientific K-Alpha ESCA instrument equipped with aluminum Ka1.2 monochromatized radiation at 1486.6 eV X-ray source.
The electroluminescence (EL) spectra were obtained by monochromator equipped in micro-PL system and using a current source (Keithley 2400, Keithley Instruments, Inc., OH, USA).
Peptides were gradient-eluted into a TSQ-Vantage instrument (Thermo Scientific) using a nanoelectrospray source.
They were using a hooked instrument.
