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Because little is known about the investigated research field, candidate themes were derived from the data instead of using a predefined category system [ 32].
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In defined cases, percentages were calculated based on non-missing values or for a predefined category.
We conducted this review according to current standards for systematic review and meta-analysis, [17] using a predefined protocol.
Data from small centres were pooled using a predefined algorithm.
A 90 min, semistructured focus group interview using a predefined interview guide, not pilot-tested.
Then, we conducted six focus group interviews with 33 cancer survivors using a predefined protocol [ 41].
Two authors performed independent data extraction by using a predefined data template.
Data from qualified studies were collected by two independent investigators, using a predefined data collection table.
We searched electronic health care databases and sources of gray literature by using a predefined strategy.
The data in the studies were evaluated by 1 author using a predefined data sheet.
Both authors ex-tracted the data independently, using a predefined data extraction form.
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