Body mass index will be calculated using height measured using a portable stadiometer (Portable Height Scale, Mentone Educational Center, Australia) to the nearest 0.01 m and body weight to the nearest 0.1 kg via calibrated bioelectrical impedance scales (Tanita TBF-521, Tanita Corporation, Tokyo).
Height was recorded to the nearest 0.1 cm using a portable Leicester Height Measure.
Heights or recumbent length (for children <2 years of age) were measured to within 0.25 cm using a portable Leicester Height Measure (Seca) and Seca 416 mechanical infantometer, respectively, and mid-upper arm and occipito-frontal circumferences were measured with a Seca 200 measuring tape using standard procedures.
Height was measured using a portable stadiometer (Leicester Height Measure, Seca).
Standing height was measured twice without shoes using a portable stadiometer (Leicester height measure; Chasmors Ltd ,Camden, London, UK).
Height was measured to the nearest mm using a portable stadiometer (Leicester Height Measure, SECA, Hamburg, Germany).
Standing height was measured to the nearest 1 mm using a portable stadiometer (Leicester Height Measure; Chasmors Limited).
Each child is measured without shoes in light clothing on a digital scale for weight (Seca 874, Hamburg, Germany) and using a portable stadiometer for height (Seca 213).
Height was measured to the nearest 0.5 cm using a portable stadiometer (HR 001, Tanita Leicester Portable Height Measure, Tokyo, Japan).
Maternal weight (using a Seca digital scale recording weight to nearest 0.1kg) and height (using a portable stadiometer to nearest 0.1cm) were measured between 12 and 24 months postpartum to calculate body mass index (BMI) (kg/m2).
