Sentence examples for using a mean rate from inspiring English sources

Calibrated tree obtained in BEAST, using a mean rate of 0.02+/−0.001 substitutions/site/MY.

Dating analysis results in Ma obtained from two different cox1 rates: (1) using the rate for Parachtes, and (2) using a mean rate obtained for Loxosceles.

We used a mean rate of infectious contact of 0.04 to further investigate disease dynamics in waterfowl populations.

We calibrated the clock using a mean mutation rate of 3.5%% per lineage per million years, an estimated rate for protein-coding insect mitochondrial DNA [ 55].

This analysis applied the consumption rates from the U.S. EPA's Exposure Factors Handbook (U.S. EPA 1997a), which recommends using a mean consumption rate of 20.1 g fish/day for the general population.

All costs were estimated in Tanzanian shillings (TSh) and converted to US$ using a mean exchange rate of 1609 TSh/US$ (Bank of Tanzania 2012a) for the financial year 2011/2012.

As an alternative to the fossil calibration, we used an uncorrelated lognormal (UCLN) relaxed clock (ucld.stdev values for the nuclear genes: 0.635, for the mitochondrial genes: 0.213) and calibrated it using a mean mitochondrial substitution rate of 0.0112 substitutions/site/year x 10−6, which has been calculated for hummingbirds using geographic and habitat-age calibrations [ 39].

Clusters of ribotypes or PFGE types were evaluated by using a Poisson distribution with a mean rate equal to the number of occurrences divided by the total observation period.

For the mutation rate prior distribution, we used a lognormal distribution with a mean rate of 1.4% sequence divergence per million years as estimated for Richardsonius, and specified a range of 1.0%to2.4%4% sequence divergence per million years to cover the range of mutation rates for cyt b for closely related genera [ 55] as well as reported mutation rates for CR in other cyprinids [ 77, 78].

Using Bayesian coalescent approaches, we calculated a mean rate of nucleotide substitution for IHHNV that was unexpectedly high (1.39×10−4 substitutions/site/year) and comparable to that reported for RNA viruses.

Scores for each PIL were used to calculate a mean rating for each question, and each assessor's scores were presented separately.