Full-mouth clinical measurements including probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and bleeding on probing (BOP) were recorded at 6 sites on each tooth using a manual probe (PCP-UNC 15, Hu-Friedy Manufacturing Co., Chicago, IL, USA).
All permanent, fully erupted teeth, excluding third molars, were examined using a manual periodontal probe (Neumar®, São Paulo, SP, Brazil).
All measurements were performed by a single blinded and calibrated examiner using a manual Williams periodontal probe (Hu-Friedy, Chicago, IL).
Measurements will be taken at six sites per tooth (Mesio-buccal, mesio-lingual, disto-buccal, disto-lingual, mid-buccal and mid-lingual), using a manual UNC-15 probe [ 3].
Measurements of the approximal plaque index (API), bleeding on probing index (%BOP), and periodontal pocket depth (PD) at six sites per tooth using a manual, UNC-15 periodontal probe were subsequently recorded.
Agarose-coated glass slides, after activation, were spotted with amine-modified oligonucleotide probes using a manual eight-pin arraying device.
All measurements were performed on all teeth, on six sites per tooth using a manual periodontal color-coded standard probe (Dentsply™, London, UK).
Samples were then homogenised at 4 °C using a manual piston.
It's too much work, like using a manual typewriter.
He went back to using a manual typewriter several years ago.
