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Because our interest was in fold changes in gene expression between groups, we ultimately converted quantities to a logarithmic scale using a log base 2 conversion, which also allowed us to test the normal distribution of values.
Given our interest in the changes in the expression of genes between samples, the quantities were finally converted to a logarithmic scale using a log base 2 conversion.
To improve normality of the distribution, these data will be transformed using a log (base 10) function and the transformed data used in the main analyses.
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To improve interpretability, we used a log base 10 transformation, so that a one-unit increase in the log-transformed variable is equivalent to a tenfold increase in exposure (e.g., 0.05 vs. 0.5 μg/m).
Lambda SCR values were converted to EIR equivalents using a log log regression equation based on previously collected SCR and EIR values from areas of different transmission intensity in Tanzania [23], [24].
In this study, we estimated the total I/M ratio of cancers in Guangdong Province in 2009 using a log-linear model based on the aggregation of cancer registry and death surveillance data.
Do you use a log?
We evaluated cumulative exposures as continuous variables, both untransformed and using the log base 10 transformation.
Three possible comparisons (P trifoliata/ C. sunki, Pool R/ C. sunki and Pool R/Pool S) were analyzed individually using the log (base 2 -transformed normalized expression values as input data.
We included mercury concentration in the regression analyses in two ways: either as a continuous base 4 log-transformed variable or grouped in quintiles (using a base 4 log-transformation means that we get a four-fold effect of mercury on BP, for example the effect on DBP if the concentration of blood mercury increases from 1 μg/L to 4 μg/L or from 8 μg/L to 32 μg/L).
The phenotypic traits were adjusted using log base 10 to obtain a Gaussian distribution.
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