Sentence examples for using a likelihood approach from inspiring English sources

To determine whether the relaxation of functional constraint occurred before or after the radiation of extant whales, we estimated the ω ratios of Calhm1 in whales using a likelihood approach.

ADAPTSITE (using a likelihood approach) also nominated sites showing significant evidence of positive and negative selection and these can be compared with those nominated by SWAPSC and by PAML run separately on mouse and primate datasets.

The fourth approach used surveillance data from arbitrarily timed swabs to fit a stochastic transmission model using a likelihood approach, making use of observed stays of individual patients (27).

Allen et al. used a series of linked "cause-effect" functions, fit using a likelihood approach, to describe the relationships between successive key events and the ultimate tumor response.

In order to calculate average levels of relatedness for individuals sampled within the same burrow complex we used a likelihood approach with KINGROUP 2.0 [2.0.

In order to reveal the evolutionary forces changing genetic variation in the mitochondrial protein-coding genes in Neanderthals, modern human and their common ancestors, we applied the program codeml which uses a likelihood approach to estimate nonsynonymous (dN) and synonymous (dS) substitution rates for branches in the phylogeny [32].

Similarly, Li and Stephan [ 16] used a likelihood approach to estimate selection parameters from patterns of single nucleotide polymorphisms in D. melanogaster, and infer selection to be strong (s between 0.05 0.5%).

The spatial smoothing parameter for rate estimation is optimized using a likelihood comparison approach.

The strength of historical selection acting on great tit Mhc was tested using a likelihood ratio modelling approach.

By using a likelihood-based approach described in [14], CERVUS calculates parentage inference likelihood ratios and generates a statistic, ΔLOD, defined as the difference in positive log likelihood ratios (LOD) between the top two candidate parents.

We used the program NeESTIMATOR version 1.3 [32] and its implemented TM3 algorithm [33] to estimate effective population size (Ne) by measuring the temporal variance of microsatellite loci allele frequencies between time points using a likelihood-based approach.