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Using a latent variable approach, mean differences on the general factor were estimated after examining measurement invariance.
All analyses were performed using a latent variable structural equation modeling (SEM) approach (Bollen, 2005; Ullman & Bentler, 2013).
The intra-class correlation (ICC) was computed for the null and full models [ 17] using a latent variable method [ 18].
Covariances between the SNP effects were also modeled using a latent variable, but this was specified as a hierarchy in the Bayesian model.
From these we derived a continuous normally distributed biomarker variable that combined information from GGT and CDT using a latent variable modeling approach.
Routine dysfunction was measured using a latent variable manifested by observed frequency of four alcohol-related dysfunctions: hangover, excessive drunkenness, sleeping in clothes because of drunkenness and failing family or personal obligations because of drinking (Fig. 1).
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Therefore, to postulate a latent variable, one should be concerned about the reason to use a latent variable.
Moreover, the proposed method uses a latent variable to partition the data, so that in each partition the expert AOD estimations are aggregated in a different, optimal way.
An interesting example is the zero inflated factor analysis (ZIFA), which implements a dimension-reduction approach and uses a latent variable factor model to accommodate zeros [81].
This work proposes to use a latent variable model methodology presented in a previous work (Polizzi and García-Muñoz, Int. J. Pharm., 2011, 418, 235 242) to enable the in-silico design of new product formulations.
Other studies [8], [20] have used a latent variable approach and loaded disparate indicators of hardship onto a single latent construct labeled "material hardship".
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com