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The validity of the PDI was tested using a global question on disease burden and self-assessed extent of disease and both appeared to be good predictors of the PDI.
While anchor-based measures are typically based on perceived changes using a global question to address overall health (i.e., patients are asked to rate the degree to which their overall health improved or worsened over the course of follow-up), such a measure was not included in either clinical trial used for our study.
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We used a global question on a four point Likert scale to measure the benefit of the intervention at each follow-up.
This is often achieved by using a global assessment question or transition question which asks patients to compare their current health status with that of a pre-treatment time point.
Adherence self-efficacy was assessed using a global rating question: 'Over the past month, how confident have you been that you can comply with ART?' which included a five-level response option from poor to excellent.
Job insecurity was measured using a global single item question on the level of insecurity in the present job, 15 16 18 91 97 or by questions on a fear of lay-off or unemployment, 94 987 92 88 89 93 9689093 96 90 all dichotomised as high versus low job insecurity.
There is some evidence to suggest that using a single global question to measure sitting produces lower estimates than more detailed domain-specific questions.
It should be noted, however, that stability was assessed using a single global question with three response options, and as such conclusions about change in specific symptoms are difficult to draw.
Although this provided a useful tool for the present study there are other potential anchors that could be used such as a global question on change in overall health.
Across large and heterogenous populations associations between psychosocial work conditions and sickness absence we find it appropriate to use a single global question as a screening to spot workplaces with particular problems regarding psychosocial work conditions.
Most survey-based studies of CRN have used a single global question to ascertain adherence and, therefore, could not discern whether patients cut back uniformly across their medications or selectively (6, 7, 12– 12).
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