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Additionally, armoured layer damages on the slope were defined using a damage level parameter.
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The responses of the structure to the earthquake excitation using different damage levels (90, 50, 30, 20, 10 and 5 % reduction in the first floor stiffness) were generated.
Nonlinear constitutive relations of the HA/PEEK composites coupled with both matrix and interfacial debonding damage were determined by using a micro-level FE unit cell model.
Using damage levels or herbivore performance as indicators of plant resistance is likely to reflect responses of a number of underlying traits that can be influenced differently by inbreeding or outbreeding, thus resulting in the observed variation [35].
It is concluded that both X-bracing and knee-bracing systems may be used to design or retrofit for a damage-level earthquake.
By using such a threshold, a 2% damage level at harvest, the commercial quality standard, will not be reached in most cropping situations, yield losses ranging from 3% to 7%.
The paper investigates the effect of the number and weights of fuzzy rules to relate each components' damage level to the global damage level using a single-antecedent weighted fuzzy rule.
Various recommended blasting damage zones are considered, and disturbance factors are used to represent damage levels.
Several tests using a motor with different levels of damage and one broken bar were developed.
As RiskScape is a multi-hazard tool, the RiskScape team uses a common six-level damage state scale for all hazards (0 5) for buildings, primarily based on levels of non-structural and structural damage (Table 3).
Use a spirit level.
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