Bidirectional resequencing was performed using a commercial sequencing kit (ABI BigDye Terminator Sequencing kit V2.1; Applied Biosystems) and an automated capillary sequencer (ABI 3730; Applied Biosystems).
A minimum of five independent clones from each gene segment for each virus were sequenced using a commercial sequencing service (GATC Biotech, Constance, Germany).
DNA was genotyped at DRB1 using a commercial sequence-specific oligonucleotide kit.
To obtain the genome sequence of S. melliferum IPMB4A, we used a commercial sequencing provider (Yourgene Bioscience, Taipei, Taiwan) for whole-genome shotgun sequencing based on the Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform (Illumina, USA).
The consensus genome, consisting of an artificially assembled sequence, was annotated manually and edited using a commercial genome sequence editing software, in silico molecular cloning (in silico Biology Co., Kanagawa, Japan).
Detection was performed by capillary gel electrophoresis, using a commercial DNA sequencing machine.
Assembly sequence planning using a commercial system often relies on an expert assembly sequence planner, and it is predominantly done manually.
The DNA sequence of the cloned inserts was determined by Sanger sequencing using a commercial service (First BASE Laboratories Sdn Bhd, Malaysia).
The sequences of the DNA constructs were verified by sequencing using a commercial service from Macrogen (Rockville, MD).
To enhance the interpretation of findings on HLA-A alleles, a 1000-bp region (Figure 1a) not targeted in routine genotyping was sequenced using a commercial, high-throughput platform (Polymorphic DNA Technologies, Alameda, Calif., USA).
PCR products were inserted into a T-vector (TransGen) and sequenced using a commercial service (Beijing Genomics Institute).
