Image acquisition triggering can be obtained automatically or by using a bolus injection technique for determining the transit time.
In this study we found that the median life-time of the peripheral venous line using an infusion pump was longer (7 versus 5 days) compared to using a bolus injection.
It is important to note that, in the studies of Kuklinski and colleagues and of Zimmerman and colleagues, and in the Selenium in Intensive Care studies – which respectively showed 90%, 35%and10%0% reductions of mortality rates – sodium selenite was administered using a bolus injection for the first administration.
After routine hemodynamic monitoring (electrocardiogram, noninvasive blood pressure, and pulse oximetry) was applied and sensors for an INVOS 5100 cerebral/somatic oximeter (Coviden Inc., Dublin, Ireland) were attached to the right and left frontal areas, anesthesia was induced using a bolus intravenous injection of 5 mg/kg thiopental sodium followed by 0.1 mg/kg vecuronium.
Thus, despite its widespread use, a bolus injection may not be optimal to localize and quantify BBB damage [ 26, 27].
The purpose of this study is to reduce the administered contrast medium volume in abdominal CTA by using a test bolus injection, with the preservation of adequate quantitative and qualitative vessel enhancement.
In a multicentre study (ADVANCE), a similar effect was demonstrated using a regadenoson bolus injection and an adenosine infusion, which is often used for pharmacological stress in CT or MR [ 17].
Generally, breast MRI diagnosis emphasizes tumor shape, margins, internal enhancement, and dynamic pattern using images acquired after a bolus injection of contrast media [ 2].
Gadolinium chelate (Magnevist; Bayer-Schering, Germany) was injected through an antecubital vein in a dose of 0.2 ml/kg, at 2 ml/s, using an automated bolus injection system.
DCE MR involves assessment of changes in T1 signal intensity over time, using serial T1-weighted imaging after a bolus injection of a gadolinium-based contrast agent.
Gadolinium diethyltriaminepentaacetic acid (Magnevist; Schering, Berlin, Germany) was injected at a dose of 0.1 mmol/kg of body weight as a bolus injection at 2 ml/s using a power injector (Medrad, Indianola, PA).
