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For S1 and S2 raw data were low pass filtered at 20 Hz using a 2nd order Butterworth filter, while raw data for S3 were low pass filtered at 5 Hz.
Flow was calculated from the continuity equation (1) and Navier-Stokes equation (2) using a 2nd order upwind-discretization scheme in three dimensions.
Data were low-pass filtered at 5 Hz using a 2nd order Butterworth filter.
The covariates included in the model were fitted using a multilevel Poisson penalized quasi-likelihood model using a 2nd order Taylor Series approximation (PQL-2).
The field potential data was first filtered using a 2nd order high frequency band-pass filter at 200 1000 Hz, and was then rectified and smoothened to get its power estimate (sample band-pass filtered trace shown in Fig. 4A).
The term for water exchange was computed using a 2nd order model.
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The collected PA signal was first filtered using a 128th order finite impulse response (FIR) bandpass filter.
(4a g) were integrated using a 4th/5th order Runge-Kutta solver (MATLAB's ode45 function), with the obtained concentrations of acetate, propionate, PHB, PHV, PH2MV and oxygen subtracted from the respective measured values to give the residuals.
Here, Zernike moments are calculated using a 10-order parameter.
Data were reconstructed using a 2D ordered subset expectation maximization (OSEM2D) algorithm.
PET images were reconstructed using a 2D ordered subset expectation maximization (OSEM2D) algorithm, and were corrected for scatter and random events, dead time, and decay.
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