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This approach uses a nonparametric test based on the Kruskal-Wallis statistic to assess the evidence for rejecting the null hypothesis that the expression levels do not differ among subtypes.
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Data were analyzed using a nonparametric test.
Because normal distribution of the data was not found (Shapiro-Wilk test), the comparisons were carried out using a nonparametric test.
The comparison of the mean tumor volume curves was performed using a nonparametric test with an on-line software from UCL Institut de Statistique (Louvain, Belgium) http://www.stat.ucl.ac.be/ISpersonnel/lecoutre/Tgca/french/help/help.htm.ac.be/ISpersonnel/lecoutre/Tgca/french/help/help.htm
Although our sample size is relatively large (n = 124), our data did not meet the assumptions of normal distribution and equal measurement intervals; we therefore chose to use a nonparametric test (Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-ranks test) to establish whether differences between pretest and post-test scores were statistically significant.
We also demonstrated a trend in blood lead concentration across levels of wild pig hunting intensity using a nonparametric test for trend [38].
Means were compared using a nonparametric test.
Tmax was analysed using a nonparametric test (Kruskal Wallis test).
Differences between groups were calculated using a nonparametric test (Mann Whitney U test).
Not normally distributed data were analyzed using a nonparametric test (Mann–Whitney test).
Continuous variables were compared using a nonparametric test (Mann–Whitney U test).
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