We might summarize the intuition behind all this as follows: an entity is usefully modeled as an economically rational agent to the extent that it has alternatives, and chooses from amongst these in a way that is motivated, at least more often than not, by what seems best for its purposes.
Travel along a complex, or mixed network can be usefully modeled by a class of distance metrics, known as Minkowski distance [ 14], which is a general distance metric, of which the Euclidean and Manhattan metrics are special cases.
However, our data demonstrate that even with cross-sectional data, there is considerable scope to build more usefully complex models to better understand asthma and other complex diseases (such as eczema).
Simple mechanistic models for root growth can help elucidate these complications, and here we argue that these models can be usefully informed by models initially developed for foraging fish larvae.
More usefully-complex modelling is the key to a better understanding of disease mechanisms and personalised healthcare: further advances are likely with the incorporation of more factors/attributes and longitudinal measures.
Weinstein has usefully defined a model as, "a logical mathematical framework that permits the integration of facts and values to produce outcomes of interest to clinicians and decision makers" or, alternatively as: "an analytical methodology that accounts for events over time and across populations based on data drawn from primary or secondary sources"[ 3].
Does the current simplistic model usefully represent colony social dynamics and the process of colony failure?
Ideally some group-level measures would have usefully expanded the model, though these are difficult to obtain.
Demonstrating that the results of local case-tracking studies are consistent with the findings of decision-tree analysis can usefully validate the model employed.
Later extensions of this model usefully separate the substrates for initial intoxication and subsequent craving, and point out the involvement of the hippocampus in holding drug-related memories.
