The combined concentrations (in equivalents) of the major cations Ca, K, Mg, and Na therefore provide a useful proxy of conductivity and the concentration of total dissolved solids [See Additional file 2, Fig. S3].
12 13 However, the validity of process measures rests on the assumption that they are a useful proxy of subsequent outcomes and that the interventions being measured produce the expected effects.
This dataset is a large archive of material produced by print newspapers all over the world, which can act as a useful proxy of media attention to an individual party.
In some instances, the exposure simply does not vary spatially in a way that makes location alone a useful proxy of exposure.
Parental source of aneuploidy can be a useful proxy for the detection of meiotic errors, because maternal meiotic errors are expected to predominate over paternal meiotic errors (Fragouli et al., 2006a, b; Frumkin et al., 2008).
Yields are a useful proxy for the riskiness of a bond and, therefore, the creditworthiness of a country's economy.
Woodland type was included because deciduous woodland in Scotland has previously been found to have significantly higher numbers of infected questing nymphs, and this may be a useful proxy for the presence of other competent transmission hosts, such as small mammals and birds (20).
The intensity of the emission scales with the amount of non-thermal heating in the chromosphere, making these lines a useful proxy for the strength of, and fractional area covered by, magnetic fields.
Still, Brown is a skillful campaigner, and his supporters have kept the story alive — as a useful proxy for the issue of social class, much as he invariably refers to his opponent as Professor Warren.
However, according to our validation by affinity capture-MS experiments, the probabilities returned by the SVM algorithm seem to correlate weakly but significantly with the peptide counts, a useful proxy for the strength of the experimental interaction.
