Notably, Numb PTB peptides have been used to block Mdm2 function and consequently to stabilize p53-mimicking Numb function.
Monoclonal antibodies are traditionally used to block the function of a specific target in a given disease.
CQ (Sigma, USA) was used to block lysosomal function, and the later degradation stage of autophagy was used to measure autophagic flux in cells.
To confirm the effect of Gal-3 knockdown on apoptosis, GCS-100/MCP was used to block the function of Gal-3, and our results suggest that GCS-100/MCP may enhance cells' sensitivity to cisplatin through the inhibition of Gal-3.
Tamoxifen is one of selective ER modulators (SERMs) and is widely used to block ERα function for breast cancer treatment [ 11]; however, this endocrine therapy is limited by the onset of drug resistance.
To confirm the association of Gal-3 expression with resistance to cisplatin, GCS-100/MCP was used to block the functions of Gal-3.
It specifically blocks Sema3 function by abolishing its interaction with Nrps (Appleton et al., 2007; Liang et al., 2007; Pan et al., 2007), and has been used to block Nrp functions in tumors with elevated Nrp expression, thereby inhibiting tumor growth in mouse medulloblastoma model (Snuderl et al., 2013).
The antisense-miRNAs or anti-miRNAs are a novel class of chemically modified oligonucleotides of 18 22 bases used to block the functions of endogenous miRNAs that regulate various genes involved in major cellular processes, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis.
The role of gap junctions was firmly established when pharmacological agents were used to block gap-junction function in wild-type embryos, and this reproduced the L-R patterning defects seen in the Sox17-null embryos.
When the NKD1-depleted cells were treated with Dvl-1 specific antibody (200 ng/ml), which was used to block Dvl-1 function, the invasive ability of the NKD1-depletion cells was significantly reduced (P < 0.05, Figure 6A and 6B).
