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26 Thus in this study, we used mean temperature as an indicator of exposure.
We believe the most important one is infiltration rates, and have used mean temperature by season and city as a surrogate for that.
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For the projection research of heat-related morality, we therefore propose that the temperature measure can be chosen based on practical concerns, such as using mean temperature, which may be commonly available from the climate models.
We compared our results with studies that examined both cold and hot effects using mean temperature for nonaccidental mortality (Curriero et al. 2002; El-Zein et al. 2004; Revich and Shaposhnikov 2008; Rocklov and Forsberg 2008; Yu et al. 2011).
The temperatures used were mean temperature of water element, absorber-water temperature, absorber-ambient air temperature, glass-water temperature, and glass-ambient air temperature.
The climate variables used were: mean temperature (°C), mean daily maximum temperature (°C), mean daily minimum temperature (°C), precipitation (mm/day), cloud cover and relative humidity.
The three variables used were: mean temperature of the coldest month – as a measure of winter cold; annual temperature sum above 5°C – as a measure of thermal energy available during the 'growing season'; and an estimate of the ratio of actual to potential evapotranspiration (Priestley-Taylor α) – as a measure of the extent of annual moisture deficiency.
We used daily mean temperature and daily cumulative rainfall as explanatory variables of daily mortality.
Finally four independent climatic variables were used: isothermality, mean temperature of the wettest quarter, mean temperature of the driest quarter and precipitation seasonality.
However, their projections relied on speculative models of temperature dependence of stone risk and used mean annual temperature to define temperature exposure.
This article uses annual mean temperature and annual precipitation as the two most important climatic variables with which to diagnose climate change.
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