For the assay, cells were lysed and total cellular nucleic acid was measured using fluorescence at 520 nm emission after excitation at 480 nm.
The OCR values were further normalized to the number of cells present in each well, quantified by the Hoechst staining (HO33342; Sigma-Aldrich) as measured using fluorescence at 355 nm excitation and 460 nm emission.
To examine pG12-driven accumulation of EGFP at the cellular level in the midgut epithelia we used fluorescence microscopy at high magnification.
The ratio method is less susceptible to small changes in protein concentration, but due to the nonlinearity of the curve, we used fluorescence intensity at 315 nm for Lig A9 and LigBCen2; and 320 nm for Lig A10 for the data fitting.
DCF is highly fluorescent and could be detected using fluorescence spectroscopy at 495 nm (excitation) and 529 nm (emission).
Upon addition of mercury to BI in DMSO/H2O (8:2, v/v) HEPES buffer (pH = 7.2) solution, an observable decrease of fluorescent to dim red change occurs that can be monitored by using fluorescence spectroscopy at room temperature.
Several zippers that appeared to form homo-oligomers at 10 μM injection concentrations were further tested for self-association using fluorescence polarization at lower concentrations (see below).
The analytes were detected by using fluorescence detection at an excitation and emission wavelength of 288 and 478 nm, respectively.
The membrane was mounted and invaded cells were visualized using fluorescence microscopy at low magnification.
Fluorescence intensity induced by PPIX in normal colonic tissue was quantified using fluorescence microscopy at 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 h after sensitization.
