In the first, a clearly identifiable type of star is used as a reference standard because its luminosity has been well determined.
Gauge, also spelled gage, in manufacturing and engineering, a device used to determine, either directly or indirectly, whether a dimension is larger or smaller than another dimension that is used as a reference standard.
Doxorubicin was used as a reference standard.
Trolox was used as a reference standard.
The acetylsalicylic acid was used as a reference standard.
Ranitidine HCl (80 mg kg−1) was used as a reference standard.
The MN RCP test method could therefore not be used as a reference standard.
In ethanol-induced gastric ulcer model, pantoprazole (20 mg kg−1) was also used as a reference standard.
HgCl2 was used as a reference standard toxicant with concentrations from 0.06, 0.08, 0.10, 0.12, and 0.14 mg/L.
Tumor extent from contrast-enhanced breast MRI performed prior to chemotherapy was used as a reference standard in this case.
Compounds 4d, 4p, 4l, and 4f exhibited remarkable activity compared with prazosin hydrochloride, which was used as a reference standard in the present study.
