Sentence examples for used as a reference group from inspiring English sources

Patients with hypertension were also used as a reference group to estimate the incidence of CRS in a group with regular medical follow-up.

Finally, classified into two categories of state-owned sectors and non-state sectors, the latter is used as a reference group with the value of 0, while the former is 1.

Table 2 suggests that the relative performance of young individuals below the age of 25 in countries with a uniform minimum wage is worse than their peers in countries without statutory minimum wages (which is used as a reference group).

In Basse [19], a non-randomised cohort of children of the same age group from neighbouring villages was used as a reference group for comparisons of malaria incidence and safety.

The low-volume hospitals were used as a reference group.

Managers and professionals are used as a reference group.

Among ex-smokers, a trend of decreasing risk was observed across 10-year cessation intervals, using as a reference group those who had quit 1 10 years before interview.

Gene-gene interaction analysis was conducted, using as a reference group the homozygous wild-type individuals for both genes, while for gene-environment interaction analyses, the reference group was wild-type homozygotes not exposed to the environmental risk factor.

First of all, the present reanalysis sought to reduce the comparison bias by using as a reference group – instead of the general population – a working population with limited or null exposure to occupational carcinogenic agents and with hiring criteria and duration of employment similar to those of the exposed group(s) under study.

The age- and sex-weighted Finnish general population was used as a reference study group [ 14].

Odds ratios (OR) were calculated using Binary logistic regression analysis where first category (having lowest seroprevalence) was used as a reference in each group.