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To compare the membrane fusion activity of full-length ATLs, we used a previously established in vitro lipid-mixing assay.
To effectively aggregate α and β cells and hydrogel beads, we used a previously established rapid aggregation method.
In this study, we used a previously established, long-term livestock grazing experiment in California oak [Quercus L.] savannas to investigate how the removal of grazing affected plant communities and soil characteristics underneath and outside of isolated tree canopies.
For these experiments, we used a previously established assay to quantify presynaptic retraction events in NMJ.
To test covalent complex formation in living cells, we used a previously established trapping assay [44].
We used a previously established echocardiography protocol [35] to determine systolic and diastolic function in the rats.
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These sediment samples were evaluated using a previously established sequential extractions procedure.
DNA extraction was carried out using a previously established protocol [6] DNA was extracted from the portion of the specimen not used for microbiological culture as follows.
The esterase activity was calculated using a previously established standard curve with a fluorescein concentration range of 1 to 32 μmol/L (Fluka, Buchs, Switzerland).
Extrapulmonary lung injury was induced using a previously established double-hit model of ischemia reperfusion and fecal peritonitis [11, 12, 15].
We analyze the time evolution of non-uniform spacing distributions using a previously established semi-empirical "spacing-diffusion" law [Akamatsu et al., Metal. Mater. Trans. A 35 (2004 18155].
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