Use tests in combination with other evaluations.
Typically, districts and states use tests marketed as having high reliability.
Coaches use tests to determine how tall, strong and fast children will be, then place them in appropriate sports.
"Yahoo does not use tests, puzzles or tricks, etc., when interviewing candidates," Jessie Wixon, a spokeswoman for Yahoo, said.
During the off-season, well-financed teams use tests in wind tunnels to evaluate bicycles and to optimize riders' positions.
While some other university systems, like South Dakota, use tests provided by the ACT program and other large testing companies, CUNY wanted to design its own exam.
Because most New York City students opt to use tests other than biology, like earth science, comparison figures were not available.
"I want my school to use tests to help instruction, to help find out if kids don't know fractions," she said.
Scientists also hope to use tests for oil-eating bacteria to detect the presence of contamination, avoiding the steeper cost of taking direct measurements of oil.
They also could devise their own tests, or use tests developed by a third party, provided that the tests were approved by the state.
Also, he urged closer scrutiny to determine when genetic tests are ready for wide use, given that commercial pressures may persuade patients and doctors to use tests before their medical value is established.
