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Strengths of the current study include the measurement of serum 25(OH D concentration, as well as the use of validated measures of both IR and β-cell dysfunction.
Consistent diagnosis and the use of validated measures will facilitate accurate identification of disordered eating in the pre-surgical population to enable assessment of suitability for surgery and appropriate targeting of treatment for disordered eating to optimise treatment success.
Furthermore, the field would benefit from hypothesis-driven outcomes research based on a priori specification of the spiritual dimensions under investigation and their longitudinal relationship with key palliative outcomes, the use of validated measures of predictors and outcomes, and rigorous assessment of potential confounding variables.
Although the consistent use of validated measures assessing disease severity and QoL in AD was not observed 20 years ago, this study found a promising trend of increased usage of validated instruments in clinical trials that measure AD disease severity and QoL in the past decade.
The use of validated measures of organ damage and longitudinal or cross-sectional design also were evaluated.
Major strengths of the current study include the use of nationwide prospectively recorded data, completeness of follow-up, and use of validated measures of exposure and outcome.
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The use of validated, standard measures for many of the behavioral and psychosocial measures will enable comparison of the data with other studies.
The strengths of the present study include its large study population, with participants who used a variety of diabetes medications and medication delivery systems, and the use of validated criterion measures.
For example, Marshall [ 50] reported a 40% bias of positive results in randomised controlled trials where self-styled outcome measures were used instead of validated measures.
Finally, population studies have for the most part used shortened versions of validated measures such as the OHIP and this may lead to under-reporting of impacts.
We used conservative cut-offs of validated measures of adherence that have demonstrated meaningful relationships with important outcomes, such as viral load, in other studies.
More suggestions(15)
use of indirect measures
use of surrogate measures
use of simple measures
use of validated endpoints
use of validated methods
use of technical measures
use of quantitative measures
use of validated macros
use of validated sub-categories
use of such measures
use of validated assessments
use of alternative measures
use of integrated measures
use of validated diagnoses
use of various measures
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