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As an alternative to measuring chemicals in organisms, the use of passive sampling devices that accumulate chemicals in a reference phase is discussed at the international level.
This chapter illustrates the concepts and examples available to date on the use of passive sampling devices in assessing the toxicity of groundwater.
To allow the use of passive sampling data for regulatory monitoring, it is also important to prepare the basis for archiving the generated data in appropriate databases in a harmonized format.
NORMAN promotes the use of passive sampling tools, inter alia to address the current lack of temporal representativeness in water body monitoring and as a supplement to biota monitoring [10, 51].
The paper presents the use of passive sampling in combination with factor analysis to assess the presence of anthropogenic organic pollutants, and to determine the type of pollution and seasonal variability of contamination.
The actual use of passive sampling is limited by the lack of commercial laboratories performing passive sampler deployments and data reporting; in the near future, the scientific community will be crucial in providing guidance on the standardization of passive sampling methods [93].
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The use of passive sampler systems is reviewed and discussed.
SPMD sampling is a form of passive sampling that can be used for water, air or sediments.
To increase the relevance of passive sampling in this context, data sets based on concurrent passive sampling and biota monitoring are strongly needed.
The study showed that the passive sampling process caused less variability in results than the laboratory analysis and the translation of passive sampling data into water concentrations.
The study team assessed indoor air pollution using 1) passive sampling of vapor-phase air nicotine and 2) active monitoring of concentration of respirable particles ≤2.5 μg/m (fine particular matter, PM2.5) in the hospital building.
More suggestions(15)
use of passive measurement
use of passive mobilization
use of certain sampling
use of passive cooling
use of passive treatment
use of double sampling
use of lethal sampling
use of appropriate sampling
use of specific sampling
use of passive sampler
use of passive instrument
use of passive air
use of passive stiffness
use of horizontal sampling
use of proportional sampling
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