Transport policies, especially in Europe, support the use of maritime transport as the most economical and environmentally friendly transport modes; relevant EU initiatives include TEN-T, Motorways of the Sea, and Marco Polo I and II (see European Commission 2014).
In the shipping industry today, we observe various implementations and modes of use of maritime electronic services, which target at the facilitation of maritime business operations and tasks such as, chartering, procurement, manning, planned maintenance, technical and operational monitoring of the vessels, voyage planning and navigation as well as safety, security and emergency operations.
The use of maritime pine replicated genotypes and a suitable experimental design have made possible to identify genetic control for functional and morphological leaf traits, measured under three water irrigation regimes as they are highly dependent on environmental conditions.
"The Vietnamese are really concerned about what they refer to as China's 'fifth fleet' — i.e., their use of paramilitary, maritime police, fisheries ships and armed/vigilante fishermen," Mr. Abuza said.
Mr. Gates, in his statement, noted that both long-established practices and the official treaty provided clear guidance on "appropriate use of the maritime domain, and rights of access to it".
"China's actions in 2011 with respect to ongoing land and maritime territorial disputes with neighbors," the report said, "reflected a mix of contentment with the status quo, renewed efforts to reassure wary neighbors, and continued willingness (particularly through the use of paramilitary maritime law enforcement assets) to assert Chinese claims".
For the rest of the 19th century, the Royal Navy helped enforce what became known as the Pax Britannica, i.e., the long period of relative peace arising from a balance of power between the major European states that depended ultimately on the use of British maritime supremacy.
This paper considers how the question of proportionality has been addressed in other areas of international law, including use of force, maritime boundary delimitation, climate change, international watercourses and trade.
By making use of the maritime trade routes, bulk commodity trade became possible for the Romans in the 2nd century BCE.
human utilization of maritime space by boat; a tradition of using the sea and its resources; terrestrial features and infrastructure that support seaborne practices; the naming of topography with reference to the sea or things maritime; and attention to the sea in sailing routes, shipping zones, oral traditions, and ritual practices.
From both a practical and political perspective, the premise of using EEZ of maritime nations as a means to define marine sediment carbon stocks may be a fair and legitimate approach.
