Sentence examples for use of external representations from inspiring English sources

We use the term meta-representational competence (MRC) to describe the full range of capabilities that students (and others) have concerning the construction and use of external representations.

Prior studies of the early stages of the design process have shown that generating solutions is largely associated with the use of external representations such as sketches and physical models.

Learning-by-design pedagogy which suggests that students learn best when they engage in the design and consequential use of external representations for modeling and reasoning (Kolodner et al. 2003; Papert 1991).

One essential aspect of the issue has to do with how people coordinate the use of external representations and internal representations, an essential aspect of cognitive executive function.

This themed issue focuses on recent studies about the use of external representations (ERs; visualization formats such as three-dimensional models, graphs, diagrams, pictures, and simulations) in science education and the role they play in the formation of internal representations (mental models and visual imagery).

Thus, the findings should not be interpreted in terms of the general usefulness of either the individual external representations or the types of external representations.

A large body of research in this area has demonstrated extensively, by manipulating different types of external representations, that external representations play an important role in affecting task performance [6], [7].

We propose a typology of external representations as a basis for further study of shared representations.

Hence, the memory aid hypothesis of external representations should not be taken for granted.

In particular, when external and internal representations are incompatible, either due to the specific encoding of internal representations or the specific presentation format of external representations, the task performance may be negatively affected.

The three experiments carried out in the present study explicitly test the memory aid hypothesis of external representations: external representations serve as memory aids and improve task performance by means of expanding the limited capacity of working memory.