This paper extends the use of expectation confirmation theory through the development of a "socialness" construct, modeled as an antecedent of satisfaction.
A 'put' is typically used on expectations of a market fall, as opposed to a 'call' option which is used on expectations of a future market rise.
See Manski (2004) and Hurd (2009) for more detailed reviews on uses of expectation questions.
In Sect. 2 the work on elicitation and use of household expectations is reviewed.
The estimates reported in the other two columns instead capture time trends by the use of inflation expectations and use two different estimators: OLS and GMM.
3. The use of conditional expectations provides a much clearer (and shorter) derivation of equation (4).
And now that we're almost four years into the Lesser Depression, I'm willing, out of a combination of a sense that support is building for a Fed regime shift and sheer desperation, to support the use of expectations-based monetary policy as our best hope.
I also discuss some specific uses of subjective expectations, work on expectation formation, and some enlightening experiments conducted within expectation surveys.
The reader is referred to Appendix A and [16] for more details regarding this estimation procedure, which makes use of the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm.
In this paper, we deal with a general missing-data spectral estimation problem for which we develop two nonparametric missing-data amplitude and phase estimation (MAPES) algorithms, both of which make use of the expectation maximization (EM) algorithm.
The missing phase information is accommodated by use of the Expectation-Maximization algorithm [7].
