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As previously described, there have been doubts about the routine use of bone scan in esophageal cancer.
All patients with T2 tumours underwent staging with the use of bone scan, abdominal ultrasound/abdominal computed tomographic scan and chest X-ray.
Although early diagnosis has been facilitated by the use of bone scan and MRI, there is no universally accepted treatment especially at the early stage of disease.
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Hetzel M, Hetzel J, Arslandemir C, Nussle K, Schirrmeister H. Reliability of symptoms to determine use of bone scans to identify bone metastases in lung cancer: prospective study.
Guidelines for the use of bone scans (in-patients with PSA > 10 ng ml−1) and CT (in-patients with PSA > 20 ng ml−1) have been reported and are in clinical use.
The spread of skeletal metastases was determined by means of bone scanning using 99m Tc methylene diphosphonate in 440 patients (54%), and positron emission tomography with ([18]F fluoro-2-deoxy- d-glucose (FDG-PET) scanning in 118 (15%).
This study showed that 35 physicians improved their sensitivity to metastatic disease from 78%to88%8% using the software for automated analysis of bone scans.
The quantification of bone scans became practical by the use of a computer-aided diagnosis system with ANN, since the quality of visual bone scan interpretation varied according to readers' experiences [14].
The osteolytic nature of RCC bone metastases decreases sensitivity of bone scans to ≤50%, as bone scans depict only the osteoblastic reaction of bone to metastatic tissue, which is often absent in RCC lesions28.
Sodium fluoride is a bone-seeking pharmaceutical and is therefore used for bone scanning.
Evidence of loosening was correctly determined in 76.4% of cases using F-FDG-PET, and in 75% of cases using bone scan.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com