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To avoid designing a complex resampling stage, instead of using the original coefficient generation rate, we use an effective sample rate that is equal to the nearest integer divider of 10 MHz.
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Correlations were tested for significance at the 95% confidence level (indicated using bold font in the tables) using an effective sample size that accounted for lag-one autocorrelation42.
However, we found very similar results when overcoming this potential source of bias using an "effective sample size" rather than actual sample size during meta-analysis (Willer et al. 2010).
An extended twin design, including twin pairs and additional siblings, is used, resulting in an effective sample size of 623 participants (Posthuma and Boomsma 2000).
It was concluded that these parameters can be ignored under well-controlled conditions, while a thorough evaluation of the DBL thickness and the use of an effective sampling window area (Aeff) is necessary otherwise.
The average standard deviation of the split frequencies was 0.01 after 232,000 generations and < 0.005 after 1 million generations corresponding to an effective sample size of 115 using the software Tracer v. 1.5.0 [ 78].
The statistical programme in use for randomisation and data analyses is R. 18 Sample size calculation used an effective size of 0.3 calculated from previous studies, considering a mean difference of 4 days between experimental and control group and an SD of 14.
An effective sample size is used in all the inference tests to avoid obtaining too liberal confidence levels.
For cases where no balancing of the two effects can be expected, Warnken et al. suggested to use the expanded DGT equation and an effective sampling area (Aeff) instead of the physical sampling window area to account for the lateral diffusion effect.
To track sampling efficiency, we therefore use the effective sample size (ESS) metric of Liu et al. (2001) equivalent to ESS = [ ∑ k w (k ) ] 2 / [ ∑ k (w (k ) ) 2 ] (Robert and Casella 2009).
These data were used to develop a semi-empirical model that expresses F S F sim / d f as the product of an effective sampling volume, and the effective excitation fluence and the effective escape probability within the effective sampling volume.
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