17 Factors potentially contributing to this variation include differences in vaccine schedules, vaccination coverage, antibiotic usage, resistance patterns, and prevalence of bacterial pathogens and pneumococcal serotypes.
During the wet season, when high transmission ensures many new disease cases and hence high drug usage, resistance alleles rise in frequency (Abdel-Muhsin et al. 2004; Ord et al. 2007).
A report by the Veterinary Antibiotic Usage and Resistance Surveillance Working Group showed that cefotaxime-resistant E. coli in poultry meat in the Netherlands has emerged since 2005 (23 ).
9 This hypothesis, in addition to the high reported rates of antimicrobial usage and resistance in poultry in Vietnam, 38 would increase the likelihood of antimicrobial resistance gene transfer, thus increasing the rate of emergence of multidrug-resistant strains and limiting effective therapeutic regimes for treating patients with severe or life-threatening bacterial infections.
The PAHs selected for this study were chosen on the basis of their extensive usage, toxicity, resistance to biodegradation, recalcitrant and persistent nature resulting in pollution.
In addition, the global MYSTIC Program data, published to date, are summarized, and the empiric use of carbapenems, their current indications, and meropenem usage versus resistance was discussed.
EHRs implementation can face numerous barriers to acceptance including attitudes and perceptions of potential users, required effort attributed to their implementation and usage, and resistance to change.
Despite the Cathedral's reaction to its usage in Resistance: Fall of Man, the controversy has resulted in a significant increase in its visitor numbers according to David Marshall, director of communications for the Diocese of Manchester, writing in the Official PlayStation Magazine.
Despite this exceedingly high spectinomycin usage, spectinomycin resistance has not been reported since 1993 in South Korea [ 49].
We surveyed antibiotic usage and resistance in two areas on Java, Indonesia [ 1] in individuals who visited public healthcare facilities.
Relationships between total and individual fluoroquinolone usage and resistance in target pathogens for each year were determined by univariate linear regression.
