The results showed that the codon usage patterns and selection of preferred codons in MARV genomes is antagonist to both H. sapiens and R. aegyptiacus for majority of codons (Table 2).
Codon usage and selection bias were determined by methods of Sharp et al. [ 9].
This group was seemed to be increasing the inappropriate prescription ratios because of the long duration usage and wrong selection of antimicrobials.
In the current study, optimization of codon usage, enhancement of viral promoter function and selection of secretary leader sequences were evaluated for their roles in improving the immunogenicity of a same model antigen, the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein.
Over 88% of 1,066 ORFs have an ENC value lower than the expected one when calculated according to GC3s, suggesting that mutation pressure is a major factor contributing for the variation of codon usage, and selections play roles during the process of evolution.
Doing so left the suggestion that there was one "preferred form" for each artist, when actually we were trying to demonstrate patterns of usage and encourage appropriate selection of forms according to different users' standards.
Our data support this prediction, as each chromosome arrangement differs in local recombination rate, demographic history and effective population size, yet the pattern of codon usage and intensity of selection acting on synonymous sites remain consistent between them.
"… one could say … that the need and the organ create function; in the individual functioning changes the organ most efficiently through the effect of usage, and finally selection intervenes to eliminate descendants that cannot handle the new conditions" (Cuènot 1911, p. 417).
In species with low Ne values, genetic drift should be the main force shaping codon usage and overpowering translational selection of codon variants.
Opportunistic usage selection of a licensed channel by a secondary user (SU) and its contention for data transmission is a challenging problem in coexisting cognitive radio network (CCRN).
