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Strong ionospheric reflections occur only below a maximum usable frequency (MUF), which is determined by the zenith angle of the incident ray and by the ionization density of the reflecting layer.
An upper limit is laid down in view of minimum usable frequency.
We present an algorithm for the identification of trace characteristics of oblique ionograms allowing determination of the Maximum Usable Frequency (MUF) for communication between the transmitter and receiver.
It was found that in general the observed maximum usable frequency values (MUF) exceeded the same values obtained from the model.
The quality and availability of data determine the practical limits of the developed slip model in terms of the usable frequency band and spatial resolution.
However, there are restrictions on the performances of power switching devices and the usable frequency range under the regulation of industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band, etc. [68].
Similar(39)
For the first time, using experimental data and numerical simulation, the quantitative dependency between the minimum foF2 magnitudes over round-the-world propagation paths and round-the-world maximum usable frequencies has been obtained.
The rate of increase in the popularity of mobile phone usage has far outpaced the availability of usable frequencies which are necessary for the communication between mobile users and the base stations of cellular networks.
The usable high frequency limit was found to be 300 Hz for LWD-induced surface waves, enabling the low strain modulus characterization of the top 0.3 0.5-m-thick 0.3 0.5-m-thick 0.3 0.5-m-thick
All were linear hearing aids and most of them had little usable high frequency gain.
According to Nyquist's theorem, this translates into a usable fringe frequency limit of 750 MHz.
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