Libraries were quantified by qPCR using the KAPA Library Quantification Kit for Illumina Libraries (KapaBiosystems, Wilmington, MA, USA) and library profiles were assessed using a DNA High Sensitivity LabChip kit on an Agilent Bioanalyzer (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA).
Quality control was performed in the samples using RNA 6000 Nano LabChips with Bioanalyzer 2100 (Agilent Technologies, PaloAlto, CA, USA), and the obtained concentrations were assessed using a NanoDrop ND-1000 spectrophotometer (Nano-Drop Technologies, Wilmington, DE, USA) before processing.
The cholesterol and vitamin levels were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC 1200 series, Alltech, USA) and the mineral contents were assessed using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-MS XSERIES2, Thermo, USA).
The migration assays were carried out using Transwell units (No. 3422; Corning Costar, Tewksbury, MA, USA) and the invasion assays were assessed using the Transwell units coated with Matrigel (No. 354480; BD Biosciences, New York, NY, USA) according to the manufacturer's instructions.
OCT1 (Novus Biologicals, Littleton, CO, USA) and NDUFS3 (MitoSciences) protein expression were assessed using the same technique above without any treatment conditions.
Total RNA was purified from splenocytes using the PureLink RNA Mini kit (Ambion, ThermoFisher Scientific, Carlsbad, CA, USA) and the concentration and purity were assessed using a Safire spectrophotometer (Tecan, Männedorf, Switzerland).
HbA1c was measured by ion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) (Bio-Rad Diamat™; Bio-Rad Laboratories, HerCAles, CA, USA) and fasting plasma glucose values were assessed using a hexokinase method (Gluco-quant®; Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Mannheim, Germany).
RNA concentration was measured using a Nanodrop 1000 (Nanodrop Products, DE, USA), integrity was assessed using the BioRad Experion automated electrophoresis system (BioRad, CA, USA) on a RNA StdSens Chip (BioRad Cat no. 700 7159).
Genetic variation between lowland and upland switchgrass genotypes throughout the USA has been assessed using amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP) and 658 markers (Todd et al. 2011).
RNA concentration was quantified by a Nanodrop spectrophotometer (Wilmington, DE, USA) and quality was assessed using the Agilent Bioanalyzer (Foster City, CA, USA) for which RNA integrity number of >7 was used as a quality criteria.
