Our bodies are exquisite red caves with urine filtering down the walls of it, sloshing in a pool at our bladders.
Seventy of 21 272 newborns were positive in the initial urine-filter screening, and all of these were confirmed positive by the second PCR using DNA samples recovered from the urine filters.
Viral loads in DBSs obtained from some of the cases were compared with those in the urine filters.
Quality control was performed by re-examining 10% randomly selected blood slides, urine filters and Kato smears by an experienced independent technician.
2 3 A period (probably 3 5 days) from the collection of urine filters to their shipping out can be reduced, since not all study sites sent the filters in a timely manner.
This medium was made sterilized by pressure passage through 0.22 μm membrane filters (Millipore, Germany) and then 10 mL (10%) urine (filtered and autoclaved of both sheep and mice) was added.
We punched a 3 mm diameter disc from the urine filters, washed this with 200 μl of water and then transferred it into 50 μl of qPCR reaction mixture in a well of a 96-well plate.
However, in one of our studies, we provided 30 mothers with filters and an illustration showing how to collect urine from their 1∼2-year-old children at home, and found that most mothers were able to send the urine filters back without any trouble, suggesting that home collection is possible.
Among the 70 cases positive in the initial screening, five urine filters yielded 9 90 CMV copies/reaction (estimated 3×10∼3×10 copies/ml urine), which was smaller than those of the other cases (>200 copies/reaction), and only one of these five cases was positive for CMV in the liquid urine specimens (5.8×10/ml).
31 In an attempt to overcome the difficulties of transportation of liquid urine samples, a new method which uses dried-urine filter paper samples for reliable mucopolysacchariduria detection has been described.
