Consequently, the Iraqi government, the British government, and the oil company attempted to counter Communist influence through urban development schemes.
Mr. Aquino said he would begin an investigation into the causes of the deadly flooding, which environmentalists have blamed on a combination of overpopulation, inadequate drainage systems, headlong urban development schemes and rapacious logging.
But now this unique ecosystem, as well as the viability of Istanbul itself, is being threatened by a series of what Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan cheerfully calls "zany" urban development schemes.
What makes this case unusual is that there was no argument by the city that the land was a "slum" or "blighted," which is the traditional justification for urban development schemes.
Residents were also largely supportive of the squatters' goal to defend the existing buildings against the city government's harebrained urban-development schemes.
It is a major step towards the design of urban sustainable development schemes.
Edwards chose to finance the scheme through an urban development corporation, a device already perfected by his Tory colleague, Michael Heseltine, for using public money to attract private investment.
Over the past few months, smart city-themed conferences have been taking place every week in Delhi and Mumbai, culminating in the urban development minister Venkaiah Naidu's announcement that the scheme would be "rolled out" imminently.
In this view, the linkages envisaged between the forthcoming National Urban Health Mission, a flagship programme by the Government of India aimed at enhancing health of urban poor, and the already existing schemes addressing issues of urban development, employment, and child development need to be contextualised and strengthened (21).
General planning schemes are prepared to guide urban development in most cities.
