The "post -occupied city is characterized by the normalization of concrete "security" blast-walls that choke urban circulation and sever communities.
However, the growing proportion of persons living below the poverty threshold in large European and North American cities may recreate conditions compatible with the increased urban circulation of mice, and therefore increase the likelihood of rodent-associated diseases.
The findings for home-outdoor PM2.5 levels are in line with the available evidence that has shown that green spaces reduce air pollutant levels by filtering air pollutants, improving urban circulation, and reducing ambient temperature (Akbari 2002; Givoni 1991; Nowak et al. 2006; Paoletti et al. 2011; Su et al. 2011).
During day-time simulations the urban heat island circulation is opposed by anabatic winds, creating critical situations for pollutant dispersion.
The approach was then successfully implemented using a commercial CFD package (Fluent) for studying urban heat island circulation (UHIC), which is considered to be one of the most difficult problems in CFD.
The detected ventilation paths could play a significant role in the development of the urban heat island circulation and result in the reduction of air pollution in the central parts of the city.
With an initial focus on the conception and production of a singular interior space, a sequence of projects gives way to increasing physical and spatial complexity by requiring students to investigate at close range and in intimate detail issues of structure and enclosure, organization and circulation, urban site and climate.
Indeed, as the authors demonstrate, the constant flux within urban undergrounds the nonstop circulation of people, substances, and energy—serves all city dwellers in myriad ways, not just with the logistics of day-to-day life but as a crucial part of a city's mythology.
The new urban shapes and circulations, and people's attempts to live meaningful lives upon this shifting terrain, are thus intimately intertwined with bioscientific research and intervention.
In Wenzel Geissler's article on two generations of Kenyan scientific fieldworkers, the author's mapping of research institutions, changing urban textures, fieldwork circulations and health workers' residential patterns reveals a progressive fragmentation of the cityscape.
Faced with stagnant circulation, the urban daily newspapers have begun to customize their news, advertising, and even editorial and sports pages to appeal to local suburban readers.
