Sentence examples for upstream of changes from inspiring English sources
This suggests that activation of the MAPK signaling pathway lies upstream of changes in LC3-II expression.
Thus, msgn1 expression is also downstream of changes to the Wnt activity gradient and upstream of changes to the wavefront during segmentation.
Furthermore, as described subsequently, knockdown or overexpression of TCL1A also demonstrated that TCL1A induction was upstream of changes in cytokine receptor or cytokine gene expression.
Fat tissue from obese mice induces CD8+ lymphocyte activation and proliferation in coculture (Nishimura et al., 2009), suggesting chemokines produced by fat could be upstream of changes in T-lymphocyte subsets.
However, while ROS have been implicated in the activation of MAPKs [ 34], we show here that this early activation of p38MAPK during reperfusion actually works upstream of changes in cellular ROS levels.
Although we noted that inhibition of the MCU using Ru360 markedly increased lysosome size and abundance, suggesting that the mitochondrial changes occur upstream of changes in the lysosome, existing literature suggests that lysosomal changes precede mitochondrial changes (hydrolases released from lysosomes is suggested to promote mitochondrial damage) [ 50– 50].
Regulation of apoptosis occurs mainly upstream of mitochondrial changes, through the altered expression and/or posttranslational modification of pro- and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members.
One model suggests that postsynaptic defects occur upstream of significant changes in tau phosphorylation [ 43], yet recent studies indicate tau hyperphosphorylation and mislocalization leads to postsynaptic deficits [ 44– 44].
However, we determined that these could not be upstream of the changes seen here, as two of the affected patients had the LL 5HTT promoter and two had the SL promoter.
The asymptotes are shown to depend upon the pressure amplitude but to be independent of the upstream rates of change of pressure.
The pressure upstream of the capillary changes sequentially due to the change in flowrate and viscosity of the mixture.
