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River seepage is significant in the upstream area of the alluvial fan, and the contribution ratio of river waters along the river channels in the upstream area increases during the wet season.
The scheme is based on a characteristic semi-Lagrangian method that avoids complex and expensive upstream area computations.
For example, a value of 0.5 refers here to a location for which the upstream area is half of the total river basin area, whereas a value of 1 refers to the outlet of a basin into the ocean (or an internal sink) (that is, the size of the upstream area is equal to the size of the total river basin).
Like previous TWI studies, the computed specific upstream area decreased on average for higher resolution DEMs while computed slope values followed a narrower distribution.
The findings corroborate that human-driven conversions of forest covers have deleterious effects on biodiversity conservation in the upstream area of the Minjiang River.
The relative location of impacts in river basins was estimated by comparing the upstream area of a specific impact location (that is, experiencing a significant increase or decrease in water availability due to HI) with the total river basin area.
Similar(22)
Furthermore, the scheme also produced the cumulative distribution function of flood area, which represents flood risk of upstream areas.
They most often occur in upstream areas and are somewhat straighter because they tend to follow faults, joints, or other weak structural elements.
The Y concerns the downstream areas, while the X was subdivided to the sub-clusters X1 (mid-stream areas) and X2 (upstream areas).
Cultivation of steep land was strictly controlled in the basin, and some inhabitants were encouraged to move from upstream areas to downstream towns to reduce disturbance.
As degradation progressed, similar trends emerged for temporal variations within the fractal dimensions of topographic surfaces, in both the gully heads and upstream areas.
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