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The results are presented on a spectrum plot where the factor effect is given in the physical quantity (dB) and the Fisher test of significance is presented as two plots of the lower and upper significance limits (also in dB).
All results show the minimum vent distance at ~ 300 m (first trough), and suggest clustering at distances > 11 km (vent results lie above the upper significance bound), which likely reflects the maximum/regular vent-spacing, and consequently, field dimensions.
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3. sig−/+ − lower and upper bound significance level.
Statistical analysis was performed by Student's t test; p = 0.05 was taken as the upper limit of significance.
LCL = Lower confidence limit UCL = Upper confidence limit a Significance estimated by t-test b Significance estimated by multiple Wald test c Number of sows is corrected to the average sow number in the data (n = 60).
Here's Pyne's description of the images and their significance: The upper image shows a grove of Yosemite's Big Trees as they looked in 1890 (note the fire scars on several).
Thin lines represent upper and lower 95%% significance levels from 1000 random (Poisson) simulations.
This supplement focuses on the clinical significance of upper extremity reconstruction, addressing issues related to the availability and choice for surgery, preoperative assessments, postoperative training paradigms, and appropriate outcome measures.
With a one-sided paired z-test, an upper bound for the significance of the results (with 300 instances) can be estimated: an absolute difference of 6.7 % is required for two results to be significantly different at α=0.05, and 9.4 % are required for significance at α=0.01.
Statistical analysis was done using the two-tailed Student's t-test with p = 0.01 considered the upper limit of statistical significance.
Upper triangle shows the significance (P -value), whereas the lower triangle shows LD (R).
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com