Yet despite its fondness for the seaside, Alexanders is found less among the vegetation of the upper beach than in the hedges and laybys of coastal roads.
Three main modifications occurred: (i) accretion of the upper beach and foredune, (ii) erosion of the lower and middle beach and (iii) a slight shift in directions of the beach bars and troughs.
Geomorphic recovery of the beach dune system from erosive events is usually rapid (i.e., within a year) by way of high onshore sand transport and aeolian delivery to the upper beach.
Because almost all of the sand was deposited on the upper beach and later moved with bulldozers down-shore, we specifically examined whether the effects of nourishment varied at different heights of the beach a little-studied question which has management implications.
It was found that the erosion demand at the upper beach due to a rise in water level remains similar whether a structure is present or not, but that a seawall concentrates the erosion in the area adjacent to the seawall, resulting in enhanced and localised profile lowering.
Designating an upper active beach boundary and beach cliff intersection divides the coastal profile into active beach and cliff sections separated by a back beach buffer.
Table 1 Stratigraphic relation of the units in southern Akwa Ibom State Period Epoch Formation Aquifer Quaternary Recent Alluvium Upper sand Beach ridges Pliocene Pleistocene Benin formation or Coastal plain sand Modified from Petters (1989) and Esu et al. (1999) Open image in new window Fig. 2 a Typical floodplains mud and b typical alluvial sands.
Conditions like increasing cloud cover, weekend days, and the July 4th holiday were related to increased recreational use, while the closure of an upper Bay beach to swimming was associated with fewer commercial fishing vessels and more official boats, recreational motor boats, and service vessels.
Observations of elevated concentrations of bacteria in upper intertidal beach sands motivated our hypothesis that sands may be a source of bacteria to waters during high tides, when waters come into contact with this relatively enriched reservoir of bacteria.
Shoulder surgery is often performed with the patient in a semi-reclining position with the upper body elevated ("beach-chair").
